Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that occurs in two forms in nature. It is found in its true form (also called retinol) in animal foods such as fish oils and liver. The body readily uses this form. Vitamin A can be found in vegetables in the form of beta-carotene (provitamin A). This form is found in plants and is the precursor of the actual vitamin. Beta-carotene has to be converted in the body in order to be used by it. Fat and bile are needed for the conversion. The liver regulates the blood level of vitamin A. It needs a special protein carrier to be transported throughout the body. An adequate protein and fat intake is required for a good absorption of vitamin A.
How much Vitamin A is enough?
Women should have 700 micrograms every day, and men should have 850 micrograms every day.
Intake:
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Vitamin A |
Babies 0 to 1 years |
350 mcg/day |
Children 1 to 3 years |
400 mcg/day |
Children 4 to 6 years |
450 mcg/day |
Children 7 to 9 years |
500 mcg/day |
Children 10 to 12 years |
550 mcg/day |
Teenager boy 13 to 15 |
700 mcg/day |
Teenager girl13 to 15 |
600 mcg/day |
Teenager boy 16 to 19 |
800 mcg/day |
Teenager girl 16 to 19 |
650 mcg/day |
Men |
850 mcg/day |
Women |
700 mcg/day |
Pregnant women |
900 mcg/day |
Nursing mother |
1050 mcg/day |
Function:
Vitamin A is needed for new cell growth, healthy skin, hair, and tissues, and vision in dim light.
Sources:
The best sources of preformed vitamin A are liver, milk, kidney, eggs, cheese, butter and fish oil. The carotene substrates necessary for the synthesis of vitamin A are mainly found in plants: carrots, spinach, kale, apricots, and pumpkin.
Food |
Serving |
RE(mcg) in serving |
Vegetables |
Carrots, raw |
100 grams |
2574 |
Carrots, raw (chopped) |
1/2 cup |
450 |
Carrots, cooked |
100 grams |
2255 |
Spinach, raw |
100 grams |
746 |
Spinach, cooked |
1/2 cup |
473 |
Sweet potato, cooked |
100 grams |
2180 |
Sweet potato, mashed |
1/2 cup |
1050 |
Squash, cooked |
100 grams |
714 |
Dandelion, raw |
100 grams |
1400 |
Red pepper, raw |
100 grams |
580 |
Red pepper, cooked |
100 grams |
558 |
Mash, raw |
100 grams |
708 |
Fruits |
Mango, fresh |
100 grams |
523 |
Apricots, dry |
100 grams |
730 |
Apricots, fresh and pitted |
100 grams |
260 |
Butternut, cooked |
1/2cup |
572 |
Cantaloup, medium |
1/2 medium |
466 |
Others |
Wheat germ |
50 grams |
160 |
Fortified breakfast cereals |
1 serving |
150-230 |
Animal foods |
Cod liver oil |
1 teaspoon |
1350 |
Milk |
1 cup (8 fl ounces) |
98 |
Egg |
1 large |
91 |
Butter |
30 grams |
97 |